Gellan gum and carrageenan are two hydrocolloids that are commonly used in the food industry. Hydrocolloids are substances that are added to food products to improve their texture, stability, and other physical properties. While gellan gum and carrageenan may seem similar at first glance, there are actually some key differences between the two.

Gellan gum is a water-soluble polysaccharide that is produced by the bacterium Sphingomonas elodea. It was first discovered in the 1970s and has since become a popular choice for food manufacturers due to its unique properties. Gellan gum forms a strong, heat-reversible gel when combined with cations like calcium, and it can also be used to create fluid gels, thicken liquids, and stabilize emulsions.

Carrageenan, on the other hand, is a family of linear sulfated polysaccharides that are extracted from red seaweed. It has been used as a food additive for centuries and is known for its ability to thicken and stabilize foods. Like gellan gum, carrageenan can form a gel when combined with cations, but the strength and properties of the gel depend on the specific type of carrageenan used.

So, what are the differences between gellan gum and carrageenan? Here are a few key points to consider:

  • Source: Gellan gum is produced by bacteria, while carrageenan is extracted from seaweed.
  • Chemical structure: Gellan gum is a single polysaccharide chain, while carrageenan is a family of polysaccharides with varying structures and properties.
  • Gel strength: Gellan gum forms a stronger gel than carrageenan, which can be useful in certain applications.
  • Compatibility with other ingredients: Gellan gum is compatible with a wider range of ingredients than carrageenan, making it a more versatile choice for food manufacturers.
  • Sensitivity: Some people are sensitive or allergic to carrageenan, but this is not a concern with gellan gum.


In summary, while both gellan gum and carrageenan are hydrocolloids that can be used to improve the texture and stability of foods, they have different properties and are suited to different applications. Gellan gum is a stronger gelling agent that is more versatile and compatible with a wider range of ingredients, while carrageenan is a family of polysaccharides with varying properties and some people may be sensitive to it. It's important for food manufacturers to understand the differences between these two ingredients and choose the one that is best suited for their specific needs.